Network Address Functions and Operators

The IP network address types, cidr and inet, support the usual comparison operators shown in Table 8.1 as well as the specialized operators and functions shown in Table 8.35 and Table 8.36.

Any cidr value can be cast to inet implicitly; therefore, the operators and functions shown below as operating on inet also work on cidr values. (Where there are separate functions for inet and cidr, it is because the behavior should be different for the two cases.) Also, it is permitted to cast an inet value to cidr. When this is done, any bits to the right of the netmask are silently zeroed to create a valid cidr value.

Table IP Address Operators

Operator Description Example(s)

Operator Description Example(s)
`inet` `<<` `inet` → `boolean` Is subnet strictly contained by subnet? This operator, and the next four, test for subnet inclusion. They consider only the network parts of the two addresses (ignoring any bits to the right of the netmasks) and determine whether one network is identical to or a subnet of the other. `inet '192.168.1.5' << inet '192.168.1/24'` → `t` `inet '192.168.0.5' << inet '192.168.1/24'` → `f` `inet '192.168.1/24' << inet '192.168.1/24'` → `f`
`inet` `<<=` `inet` → `boolean` Is subnet contained by or equal to subnet? `inet '192.168.1/24' <<= inet '192.168.1/24'` → `t`
`inet` `>>` `inet` → `boolean` Does subnet strictly contain subnet? `inet '192.168.1/24' >> inet '192.168.1.5'` → `t`
`inet` `>>=` `inet` → `boolean` Does subnet contain or equal subnet? `inet '192.168.1/24' >>= inet '192.168.1/24'` → `t`
`inet` `&&` `inet` → `boolean` Does either subnet contain or equal the other? `inet '192.168.1/24' && inet '192.168.1.80/28'` → `t` `inet '192.168.1/24' && inet '192.168.2.0/28'` → `f`
`~` `inet` → `inet` Computes bitwise NOT. `~ inet '192.168.1.6'` → `63.87.254.249`
`inet` `&` `inet` → `inet` Computes bitwise AND. `inet '192.168.1.6' & inet '0.0.0.255'` → `0.0.0.6`
`inet` `\|` `inet` → `inet` Computes bitwise OR. `inet '192.168.1.6' \| inet '0.0.0.255'` → `192.168.1.255`
`inet` `+` `bigint` → `inet` Adds an offset to an address. `inet '192.168.1.6' + 25` → `192.168.1.31`
`bigint` `+` `inet` → `inet` Adds an offset to an address. `200 + inet '::ffff:fff0:1'` → `::ffff:255.240.0.201`
`inet` `-` `bigint` → `inet` Subtracts an offset from an address. `inet '192.168.1.43' - 36` → `192.168.1.7`
`inet` `-` `inet` → `bigint` Computes the difference of two addresses. `inet '192.168.1.43' - inet '192.168.1.19'` → `24` `inet '::1' - inet '::ffff:1'` → `-4294901760`

inet << inet → boolean

Is subnet strictly contained by subnet? This operator, and the next four, test for subnet inclusion. They consider only the network parts of the two addresses (ignoring any bits to the right of the netmasks) and determine whether one network is identical to or a subnet of the other.

inet '192.168.1.5' << inet '192.168.1/24' → t

inet '192.168.0.5' << inet '192.168.1/24' → f

inet '192.168.1/24' << inet '192.168.1/24' → f

inet <<= inet → boolean

Is subnet contained by or equal to subnet?

inet '192.168.1/24' <<= inet '192.168.1/24' → t

inet >> inet → boolean

Does subnet strictly contain subnet?

inet '192.168.1/24' >> inet '192.168.1.5' → t

inet >>= inet → boolean

Does subnet contain or equal subnet?

inet '192.168.1/24' >>= inet '192.168.1/24' → t

inet && inet → boolean

Does either subnet contain or equal the other?

inet '192.168.1/24' && inet '192.168.1.80/28' → t

inet '192.168.1/24' && inet '192.168.2.0/28' → f

~ inet → inet

Computes bitwise NOT.

~ inet '192.168.1.6' → 63.87.254.249

inet & inet → inet

Computes bitwise AND.

inet '192.168.1.6' & inet '0.0.0.255' → 0.0.0.6

inet | inet → inet

Computes bitwise OR.

inet '192.168.1.6' | inet '0.0.0.255' → 192.168.1.255

inet + bigint → inet

Adds an offset to an address.

inet '192.168.1.6' + 25 → 192.168.1.31

bigint + inet → inet

Adds an offset to an address.

200 + inet '::ffff:fff0:1' → ::ffff:255.240.0.201

inet - bigint → inet

Subtracts an offset from an address.

inet '192.168.1.43' - 36 → 192.168.1.7

inet - inet → bigint

Computes the difference of two addresses.

inet '192.168.1.43' - inet '192.168.1.19' → 24

inet '::1' - inet '::ffff:1' → -4294901760

Table IP Address Functions

Function Description Example(s)

Function Description Example(s)
`abbrev` ( `inet` ) → `text` Creates an abbreviated display format as text. (The result is the same as the `inet` output function produces; it is “abbreviated” only in comparison to the result of an explicit cast to `text`, which for historical reasons will never suppress the netmask part.) `abbrev(inet '10.1.0.0/32')` → `10.1.0.0`
`broadcast` ( `inet` ) → `inet` Computes the broadcast address for the address's network. `broadcast(inet '192.168.1.5/24')` → `192.168.1.255/24`
`family` ( `inet` ) → `integer` Returns the address's family: `4` for IPv4, `6` for IPv `family(inet '::1')` → `6`
`host` ( `inet` ) → `text` Returns the IP address as text, ignoring the netmask. `host(inet '192.168.1.0/24')` → `192.168.1.0`
`hostmask` ( `inet` ) → `inet` Computes the host mask for the address's network. `hostmask(inet '192.168.23.20/30')` → `0.0.0.3`
`inet_same_family` ( `inet`, `inet` ) → `boolean` Tests whether the addresses belong to the same IP family. `inet_same_family(inet '192.168.1.5/24', inet '::1')` → `f`
`masklen` ( `inet` ) → `integer` Returns the netmask length in bits. `masklen(inet '192.168.1.5/24')` → `24`
`netmask` ( `inet` ) → `inet` Computes the network mask for the address's network. `netmask(inet '192.168.1.5/24')` → `255.255.255.0`
`set_masklen` ( `inet`, `integer` ) → `inet` Sets the netmask length for an `inet` value. The address part does not change. `set_masklen(inet '192.168.1.5/24', 16)` → `192.168.1.5/16`
`text` ( `inet` ) → `text` Returns the unabbreviated IP address and netmask length as text. (This has the same result as an explicit cast to `text`.) `text(inet '192.168.1.5')` → `192.168.1.5/32`

abbrev ( inet ) → text

Creates an abbreviated display format as text. (The result is the same as the inet output function produces; it is “abbreviated” only in comparison to the result of an explicit cast to text, which for historical reasons will never suppress the netmask part.)

abbrev(inet '10.1.0.0/32') → 10.1.0.0

broadcast ( inet ) → inet

Computes the broadcast address for the address's network.

broadcast(inet '192.168.1.5/24') → 192.168.1.255/24

family ( inet ) → integer

Returns the address's family: 4 for IPv4, 6 for IPv family(inet '::1') → 6

host ( inet ) → text

Returns the IP address as text, ignoring the netmask.

host(inet '192.168.1.0/24') → 192.168.1.0

hostmask ( inet ) → inet

Computes the host mask for the address's network.

hostmask(inet '192.168.23.20/30') → 0.0.0.3

inet_same_family ( inet, inet ) → boolean

Tests whether the addresses belong to the same IP family.

inet_same_family(inet '192.168.1.5/24', inet '::1') → f

masklen ( inet ) → integer

Returns the netmask length in bits.

masklen(inet '192.168.1.5/24') → 24

netmask ( inet ) → inet

Computes the network mask for the address's network.

netmask(inet '192.168.1.5/24') → 255.255.255.0

set_masklen ( inet, integer ) → inet

Sets the netmask length for an inet value. The address part does not change.

set_masklen(inet '192.168.1.5/24', 16) → 192.168.1.5/16

text ( inet ) → text

Returns the unabbreviated IP address and netmask length as text. (This has the same result as an explicit cast to text.)

text(inet '192.168.1.5') → 192.168.1.5/32

The abbrev, host, and text functions are primarily intended to offer alternative display formats for IP addresses.

Network Address Functions and Operators

Network Address Functions and Operators

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